Proctology: Defecation, Hemorrhoid, Anal Fissure, Germ Cell Tumor, Anal Fistula, Stapled Hemorrhoidectomy, Imperforate Anus, Proctalgia Fugax

Proctology: Defecation, Hemorrhoid, Anal Fissure, Germ Cell Tumor, Anal Fistula, Stapled Hemorrhoidectomy, Imperforate Anus, Proctalgia Fugax

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Purchase includes free access to book updates online and a free trial membership in the publisher's book club where you can select from more than a million books without charge. Chapters: Defecation, Hemorrhoid, Anal Fissure, Germ Cell Tumor, Anal Fistula, Stapled Hemorrhoidectomy, Imperforate Anus, Proctalgia Fugax, Rectal Prolapse, Endodermal Sinus Tumor, Gonadoblastoma, Colorectal Surgery, Anoscopy, Proctoscopy, Goodsall's Rule, Hemorrhoidolysis, Perineal Urethra, Anal Dysplasia, Internal Intussusception, Defecography, Anorectal Anomalies. Excerpt: Anal dysplasia is a pre-cancerous condition which occurs when the mucosa lining of the anal canal undergo abnormal changes. During this condition, lesion , or visible pattern of clustered abnormal cells, appear. These cells may then progress from low-grade lesions to high-grade lesions. Symptoms include anal warts in and around the anus. Causes Anal dysplasia is most commonly linked to human papillomavirus (HPV), a usually sexually-transmitted disaease. HPV is the most common sexually transmitted disease. Roughly 80 % of people who have had one or two lifetime sex partners and 100 % of people who have had five lifetime sex partners have had HPV infection, which may persist for life. References (URLs online) A hyperlinked version of this chapter is at Anal fissure An anal fissure is a crack or tear in the skin of the anal canal . Anal fissures may be noticed by bright red anal bleeding on the toilet paper, sometimes in the toilet. If acute they may cause severe periodic pain after defecation but with chronic fissures pain intensity is often less. Anal fissures usually extend from the anal opening and are usually located posteriorly in the midline, probably because of the relatively unsupported nature of the anal wall in that location. Fissure depth may be superficial or sometimes down to the underlying sphincter muscle. anal fissure Causes Most anal fissures are caused by stretching of the anal mucosa beyond its cap...

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